Hydrometer



30 /Nu D,

Au'g. 3, 1943. A HOYER 2,325,776

' HYDROMETER l Filed March 26, 1940 ALCOHOL.

L LcoHol.

METH/MI HY.

im Fem 33 Patented Aug. 3, 194:?.V

.n 2,3255-7776 n. Y

i '..A'rnoldHoyeig Conshohocken, Pa., assignor to Kimble Glass VCompanyporationof Illinois Vineland, N. J., `:i cor-V .g Application Maren26,1940, semaine. 326,086'. 2j Claims. (crate-46);-v

The present: invention relates 'Y to. hydrometers having associatedtherewith a thermometer, and more particularly totamovablexcorrectionielement including a Vchart on the hydrometer designedso to cooperate with the thermometer that tempera-ture-correctionsforspecic gravity readings may be readily made .in aminimum of time.Thermo-hydrometers for .testing antiireeze solutions arezcustomarilyprovided with'a oat having graduations thereon to indicate .the spe-Vciic gravity ofthe testedsolution. Specific grav- -ity .wilL however,xvary. with temperature changes. To permit .accurate .detrminationzof.the freezing temperature-oiVr the solution, correction charts areusually employed,Y these chartsY being provided with 'datalcorrespondingrespectively to several temperatures and specic gravities.

` lt is an object ot the-presentinvention to provide atransparent*cursor-having thereon oorrection data, the 'cursor beingAmovable with. re-

tioning of the data yrelative yto theV thermometer so that-adirect'reading'may be made.' Still another object of the invention is anillu- A minating .device associated in a novel manner with thecorrection chart to enable one employing the hydrometer to make readingsat nightv or under other unfavorable conditions.

Other objects willV be apparent from the fol-v lowing description of thehydrometer when read in connection withlthe accompanying drawing,

in which- Fig. 1 is a-front elevation of the thermchydrometer andthecursor associated therewith;`

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary 4longitudinal sectional view of the hydrometer;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view of the thermometer employed in thehydrometer;

Fig. 4 is a section taken on line Il-I Vof 3; Fig. 5 is a section takenon line 5,--5 of Fig. 3; Fig. 6 is a partial elevation of one :form ofcursor used in connection withthe present hydrometer and Fig. '7 is apartial elevation of` a'modilied form of cursor. Y l

In the drawing, the hydrometer is shown as comprising the conventionalbarrel lil, rubber suction bulb I I, and rubber nozzle i2 with .a suc--tion tip I 3 fitting therein.v Surrounding the lower end vof barrel Ii)and iitting closely thereon is an elastic sleeve i4 having upper andlower y radially extending circular flanges I5 and l5 and being providedwith a bore II to accommodate barrel Ill.l Longitudinal ribs I8 extendparitially" the Ylength of bcrefI-l'pthe ends thereof` anges maybeconcentric@ Fitting tightlyito' forming shoulders/Id which limit thedistance to tvvhich'the barrel may be inserted in thebore'. In theformof the invention illustratedv herein, bore II is shown as beingeccentric with respectE toflanges I5,l I5, but, if desired, the'lboreand the flanges andadapted tobe supported thereby is a glass cylinder2li, the lower end of which is reduced and supports nozzlel. Within thereduced lower end of` cylinder 2li `and forming: a

snug-'ht *therewith is a plug 2l' having :pockets 22, 23 'separated bywall 24 .butt connected by-a communicating circumferential 'groove 25.Thus,

liquid drawn through tip y`I 3`wjlll rstenterpocket 222,-then` passaround theigroovel 25`into pocket 23,thenceinto bore II. and barrelillq. y. In the embodiment of thethydrometerfshown Y in thedrawing-there is provided between .cylin- Yder 2Il'andsleevell'in thatlongitudinal diametral plane corresponding' to 'the greatesteccen-Yspect to the hydrometerYbarrelftoz permitfpositricity between, bore`I'land cylinder Z'lfa space suiiciently large to accommodate aYthermometer'Z. A- recessZl-is also forrnediriV sleeve lll in this 'sameplane, there being a small dry battery Yand lamp z28 positioned 1in thisrecess for.` a

purpose to be'explained hereinafter. Attached f to sleeve I4 andextending substantially from' flange I5 to flange I6 is a background ofwhite or other light colored material indicated at 29. This material maybe either in the form of a circumferential Ysleeve or at least ofa Widthsufcient to underlie and extend somewhat to each side of thermometer2li.v 7

Surrounding vcylinder 2U A and fitting snugly thereon, but rotatablymovable with respect to the cylinder, is a cursor V3l! made ofVpyroxylin,

cellulose nitrate, `orV some other suitable transparent'materialadaptedto have printed, etched.

or otherwise inscribed thereon a correction chart.

As will be seen in Figs. 1 and 2, the lower end of the cursor rests onshoulder 3I of nozzle I2, this shoulder acting as a guide and support toprovide a predetermined vertical relation VVbetween the cursor and thethermometerv column.

Referring to Figs. 3, 4, and 5, it will be seen that the thermometer isthat type having a crosssection such that, Vwhen viewed from the frontthereof, the column of colored liquid inthe bore 26 willbe magnifiedtransversely, that is, the

column will appear much Wider than it actually. ls.V This magnificationtends to make reading of` data immediately in frontof .the columndifficult.V To-fobviate this di'culty, the thermometer is cut away at 32a distance above the ylowerfend of Y reduced stem portion 31 having ascale 38 Vwhich indicates the specinc gravity of the liquid beingtest-ed.`

When using-the hydrometer the specific gravity y Vof the liquid is firstdetermined from the scale 33.

" The cursor is'rthenrotated until the letter corresponding to the scalereading is in alignment' 2. 5 n v v 2,325,776

to the exact details and arrangement of parts illustrated herein. Theinvention is, therefore, to be construed in terms defined by theappended claims. Y

Having described my invention, what I claim andY desire to secure byLetters Patent is:

y l. In combination with a hydrometer having a transparent barrel,aflexible sleeve mounted Von said barrel and having radial anges Yat theends thereof, a transparent cylinder iitting closely over ,Y saidflanges to form a space between the cylinder and the barrel, saidspace'being sealed off from the barrel,A a suction nozzle on saidcylinder, a

` plugin said cylinder, said plug having two communicating pockets, oneincommunication with the'barrel, the other communicating with said withthe thermometer. The height of the column of colored liquid in thethermometer will theny be observed andthat point of the chartimmediately in front of the top of the colored liquid will furnls'hk theoperator with a visual indication of-the `freezing-point of the liquidunder test. If the chart be'one of the type showninrligsV l and', p

the reading .is approximate but suiliciently accurate for practicalpurposes.

a reading corresponding to a specific gravity of D.,!

InFig. 1,-for in-V stance, it will be seen that the cursor is set forFollowing the thermometer liquid it is apnozzle, a thermometer disposedin the spaceV betweensaid sleeve and said' barrel, said thermometerpassing through one of said flanges and having its'bulb portion disposedin said one pocket, `anda transparent cursor mounted on said cylin- Vderfor movement' relative thereto, said cursorY Vhaving thereon indiciaselectively superposable over thether'mometer for determining thefreezparent that the top ofthevliquid column in the thermometerunderlies a point approximately midway between the lines representingtemperatures of 0 and +19". The freezingtemperature l of the antifreezesolutionvundertest would, therefore, be +5. A chartsimilarV tothatshown-in Fig. 7 would, Vof course, furnish adirect reading, there beinga temperature figure in each of the squares formed by the intersectingcolumns. g

' When it is desired to illuminate the lchart* and thermometer, whichmay be necessary when using the hydrometer at night, the lamp 28held inre- -cess 21, is lighted. Y Y

While the invention has been shown and described with Vreference to aparticular embodiment thereof, it is not intended that it be limited ingtemperature of liquid in the hydrometer.

2r. Incombination with a hydrometer having a transparent barrel', aflexible sleeve mounted on .said barrel and having radial anges at theends thereof, a transparent cylinder fitting closely over said fiangesto form a space between the cylinder and the barrel, said space beingsealed off from the barrel, a thermometer disposed in the spacebetweensaid 'sleeve andfsaid barrel, saidthermcmeter` passing throughone of said flanges and having its-bulb .portion so positioned that itis indirect Contact Ywith liquid in the barrel, a transparent cursormounted on said cylinder for Inovement relative thereto,vsaid cursorhaving thereon indiciaV selectively superposable over theYthermometer-vfor determining the freezing temperature of liquidin thehydrometer, and illuminating `rne'ar 1s," said sleeve being 'providedwith a recess adjacent said thermometer, said recessl accom- Y modatingsaid Villuminating means.`

ARNOLD HOYER.

